Your Custom Quiz
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the most common preoperative fracture displacement classification?
🔍 Key Findings
- 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
- 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
- Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
- 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
- Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
- Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
- Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
- Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
2023-7-VS-demoya-3
In Hawker 2024 et al., on checklist attitudes, what was true regarding SSC exposure during training?
🔍 Key Findings
- 67.9% of respondents reported using SSCs, with most indicating frequent use (64% used in every surgery).
- 78.7% agreed SSCs reduce complications, and 89.6% believed SSCs improve communication.
- Respondents not using SSCs were more likely to view them as a waste of time (p < .001).
- Forgetfulness (39.6%) and time constraints (36.5%) were leading reasons for checklist noncompletion.
- Only 23.3% had SSC training during surgical residency, with newer diplomates more likely to have had exposure (p < .001).
- Key strategies to improve uptake included: staff feedback modifications (67.9%), formal designation of initiator (48.6%), and training (52.2%).
- Surgeons and OR staff were most commonly identified as noncompliant team members.
- SSC use was more frequent in small animal practices, and mandating SSCs by management was favored but not always effective alone.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Attitudes towards surgical safety checklists among American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates
2024-5-VS-hawker-5
In Enright 2022 et al., on adrenalectomy outcomes, which of the following best describes the association between alpha-blocker use and intraoperative hypertension?
🔍 Key Findings
- 83% of dogs survived to discharge after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.
- Median survival time post-discharge was 1169 days (3.2 years).
- Preoperative alpha-blocker therapy (e.g., phenoxybenzamine) was not associated with improved survival.
- Dogs receiving alpha-blockers had higher intraoperative systolic BP, with median values 170 mmHg vs. 142 mmHg in non-treated dogs (P = .01).
- Intraoperative arrhythmias occurred in 30% of cases, with no difference between dogs receiving alpha-blockers and those not.
- Histologic vascular invasion occurred in ~70% of tumors.
- Tumor recurrence was suspected in 3 dogs, and metastasis in 8 dogs, though not histologically confirmed in most cases.
- Postoperative complications included refractory hypotension, acute kidney injury, and hypertension persisting >48 hours in 10 dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Short‐ and long‐term survival after adrenalectomy in 53 dogs with pheochromocytomas with or without alpha‐blocker therapy
2022-3-VS-enright-3
In Sabol 2024 et al., what critical structure was sometimes <1 mm from the pedicle trajectory in large dogs?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Evaluated ideal dorsolateral implant trajectories in T1–T13 using CT in 30 dogs across five weight classes.
- Corridor widths were narrowest in the mid-thoracic vertebrae (as little as 1.8 mm) and increased cranially and caudally.
- Allowable deviation angles (ADA) were often very small (as little as 3°), indicating high risk for canal or thoracic structure breach.
- Distances to critical structures (lungs, aorta, subclavian artery, azygos vein) were often <1 mm, even in large dogs.
- Data suggest extreme caution and precision are needed for thoracic vertebral implant placement and support use of navigation or 3D-printed guides.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Implantation Corridors in Canine Thoracic Vertebrae: A Morphometric Study in Dogs of Varying Sizes
2024-2-VCOT-sabol-3
In Burton 2025 et al., on antebrachial conformation, which group comparison showed a significant difference in both PRUDA and UCORA?
🔍 Key Findings
- PRUDA (proximal radio-ulnar divergence angle) and UCORA (ulnar center of rotation of angulation) were significantly greater in Cocker Spaniels with HIF vs those without.
- PRUDA (p < .001): Group 1 (HIF) vs Group 2 & 3.
- UCORA (p = .036): Group 1 vs Group 3.
- Other angles (MPRA, LDRA, PCRA, DCRA, torsion) showed no significant differences.
- Increased PRUDA and UCORA may lead to divergent load vectors across the humeral condyle, potentially predisposing to stress fracture (HIF).
- Measurement techniques using CT-based 3D reconstructions were reliable (intraobserver ICC > 0.84).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Antebrachial conformation in Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2025-4-VS-burton-4
In Petchell 2025 et al., on CORA-based CCWO, what is the primary purpose of plotting both PMA and DMA lines in the CCWOCORA technique?
🔍 Key Findings
- The CORA-based cranial closing wedge ostectomy (CCWOCORA) consistently achieved the target postoperative TPA of 5° across all tibial morphologies.
- CCWOCORA produced significantly less variability in postoperative TPA compared to other methods (TPA range: 5.00–5.00°; p < .001).
- Mechanical axis advancement (MAA) was precisely controlled at 3° in CCWOCORA, leading to greater surgical predictability.
- Other techniques (e.g., CCWOTPA, CCWOTPA–5, CCWOISO) showed greater variance in TPA, MAA, and tibial length.
- In small-breed dogs, increasing the MAA from 3° to 5° did not affect TPA outcomes, but increased proximal bone stock, improving feasibility.
- Wedge angles and tibial length changes varied by method, but CCWOCORA maintained length better than TPA-based methods.
- The technique allows preoperative planning of both desired MAA and TPA, enhancing predictability and customization.
- CORA methodology enables precise geometric correction and alignment of mechanical axes, reducing reliance on trial-and-error alignment.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
An in silico comparison of a novel CORA-based cranial closing wedge ostectomy methodology with three other techniques
2025-7-VS-petchell-5
In Kurogochi 2025 et al., on cardioplegia in mitral repair, what difference was found in serum potassium at cross-clamp removal?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in cardiac troponin I levels 12h post-op between mDN and St. Thomas cardioplegia groups (p = 0.478)
- Sinus rhythm returned faster in the mDN group after aortic cross-clamp removal (median 60s vs 362s, p = 0.027)
- Lower serum potassium at cross-clamp removal in the mDN group (median 4.5 mEq/L vs 5.4, p = 0.005)
- Fewer doses needed in the mDN group (median 2.5 vs 4.0, p = 0.040)
- Higher total crystalloid volume used in mDN group (23.6 vs 12.6 mL/kg, p < 0.001)
- No difference in survival (700-day survival 90% in both groups, p = 0.958)
- No difference in hospitalization duration (median 6 days for both, p = 0.789)
- Echocardiographic remodeling similar between groups at 24h post-op
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Saline‐based modified del Nido cardioplegia versus multidose St. Thomas cardioplegia in canine mitral valve repair: A randomized controlled trial
2025-7-VS-kurogochi-4
In Spies 2024 et al., on EHPSS in large dogs, what proportion of surviving surgically treated dogs were completely weaned off medical management?
🔍 Key Findings
- 63 dogs ≥15 kg with single EHPSS were reviewed.
- Most common breeds: Golden Retriever (28.6%), mixed breed (20.6%).
- Most common shunt types: splenocaval (25.4%) and portocaval (25.4%).
- 45 dogs received surgical attenuation; 18 were medically managed.
- 6.7% (3/45) of surgically treated dogs died due to shunt-related complications; 22.2% (4/18) of medically managed dogs died.
- Hypoplastic portal vein was noted in 52.9% of dogs where portal anatomy was described.
- 37.5% of surviving attenuated dogs were weaned off all medical management.
- Attenuated dogs had higher 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates (89%, 77%, 77%) than nonattenuated dogs (82%, 49%, 24%).
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical presentation and short‐term outcomes of dogs ≥15 kg with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts
2024-2-VS-spies-4
In Spies 2024 et al., on EHPSS in large dogs, what percentage of surgically treated dogs died from shunt-related complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- 63 dogs ≥15 kg with single EHPSS were reviewed.
- Most common breeds: Golden Retriever (28.6%), mixed breed (20.6%).
- Most common shunt types: splenocaval (25.4%) and portocaval (25.4%).
- 45 dogs received surgical attenuation; 18 were medically managed.
- 6.7% (3/45) of surgically treated dogs died due to shunt-related complications; 22.2% (4/18) of medically managed dogs died.
- Hypoplastic portal vein was noted in 52.9% of dogs where portal anatomy was described.
- 37.5% of surviving attenuated dogs were weaned off all medical management.
- Attenuated dogs had higher 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates (89%, 77%, 77%) than nonattenuated dogs (82%, 49%, 24%).
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical presentation and short‐term outcomes of dogs ≥15 kg with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts
2024-2-VS-spies-2
In Welker 2024 et al., on thoracic duct anastomosis with MAC device, which imaging technique confirmed postoperative flow?
🔍 Key Findings
- Anastomosis of the thoracic duct (TD) to the intercostal vein (ICV) using a microvascular anastomotic coupler (MAC) was feasible in all 6 healthy dogs
- Immediate postoperative patency was confirmed in all dogs, but only 4/6 had patent anastomoses at 30 days, with 2 failing due to ICV kinking
- Kinking of the ICV near the azygos vein insertion was the primary failure mechanism, likely from MAC malalignment
- No intraoperative or major postoperative complications occurred, though 2 dogs developed mild seromas
- Use of the MAC device simplified microsurgical anastomosis versus hand suturing, especially in the deep thoracic cavity
- Contrast lymphangiography showed faster clearance from the cisterna chyli postoperatively, suggesting effective flow redirection
- Persistent branches of the thoracic duct may impact outcomes, and should be ligated during surgery
- This technique may be a potential novel treatment for idiopathic chylothorax, improving outcomes by reducing collateral flow stimuli
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Anastomosis of the caudal thoracic duct and intercostal vein using a microvascular anastomotic coupler device: Experimental study in six dogs
2024-7-VS-welker-3
Quiz Results
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Key Findings