Your Custom Quiz
In Rocheleau 2023 et al., on shoulder stabilization, which stabilization technique showed a statistically significant reduction in abduction angle postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopically assisted stabilization with an IAD was feasible in cadaveric canine shoulders using both bone anchor and suture-toggle techniques.
- Suture-toggle repair was successfully performed in all specimens, while bone anchors could not be deployed in 3/10 shoulders, indicating lower feasibility.
- Median surgical time was shorter for the suture-toggle group (25.5 min) compared to the anchor group (37.3 min).
- Postoperative abduction angles returned to baseline in the anchor group, while the suture-toggle group had slightly reduced angles, suggesting possible overtightening.
- Violation of the articular surface occurred in 2 anchor specimens and 1 suture-toggle specimen, but none were considered likely to be clinically significant.
- Overall targeting accuracy using the IAD was 88%, supporting its utility in guiding tunnel/anchor placement.
- CT measurements showed acceptable bone stock and insertion angles, but anchor insertion angles were lower than optimal for mechanical pullout strength.
- Suture-toggle technique was considered simpler and more consistent, with fewer complications and faster execution than anchor placement.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ex vivo evaluation of arthroscopically assisted shoulder stabilization in dogs using an intra-articular aiming device
2023-4-VS-rocheleau-3
In Danielski 2022 et al., on humero-anconeal incongruity, what was the location of the novel cartilage lesion consistently observed in elbows with HIF?
🔍 Key Findings
- A novel caudo-medial arthroscopic portal allowed visualization of previously undescribed cartilage lesions on the caudal medial humeral condyle.
- A consistent focal cartilage lesion (HA lesion) was observed in 100% of elbows with HIF (21/21), but in none of the 31 elbows without HIF.
- Lesions varied from indentations to full-thickness cartilage loss, typically elliptical and located just medial to the humeral condyle isthmus.
- A clunk-like sensation and dynamic engagement of the anconeal process into the lesion were observed in 16/21 elbows with HIF during elbow manipulation.
- In 5/21 elbows, engagement of the anconeal process led to observable widening of the HIF line, suggesting dynamic instability.
- Findings support a novel concept of humero-anconeal incongruity as a contributor to the pathogenesis of HIF.
- Spaniel breed was not a confounder—the lesion was only present in elbows with HIF, regardless of breed.
- The study suggests potential for using arthroscopy as a screening tool for early detection of humero-anconeal incongruity and HIF risk.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Humero-anconeal elbow incongruity in spaniel breed dogs with humeral intracondylar fissure: Arthroscopic findings
2022-1-VS-danielski2-1
In Johnson 2026 et al., on long-term respiratory outcomes, which measure showed no significant difference between short- and long-term postoperative assessments?
🔍 Key Findings
- Long-term respiratory outcomes after BOAS surgery remained improved vs. preoperative values, with no significant decline over time.
- Short-term and long-term Respiratory Functional Grades (RFGs) improved in 81% of dogs, with 34% improving by two grades.
- BOAS indices improved significantly in both short- and long-term follow-ups (mean decrease ~23–25%), supporting sustained benefit.
- No significant difference between short- and long-term BOAS indices (p = .623), indicating durability of surgical effects.
- Obesity impacted outcomes — dogs with increased RFG at long-term follow-up were more likely to have gained weight.
- Owner-reported outcomes poorly correlated with objective measures — some dogs classified as BOAS-affected were perceived by owners as “normal.”
- Multilevel surgery was common, with palatoplasty, tonsillectomy, sacculectomy, and ala-vestibuloplasty most frequently performed.
- Dogs undergoing revision airway surgery were excluded, possibly biasing long-term outcomes toward favorable results.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Comparison of short- and long-term objective respiratory outcomes after surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome
2026-1-VS-johnson-1
In Forzisi 2026 et al., on stifle locking plate immobilization, which complication was most commonly reported in this case series?
🔍 Key Findings
- Temporary transarticular locking plates successfully immobilized the stifle joint for protection of primary repairs (e.g., ligament reconstruction or articular fracture fixation) in dogs and cats.
- 15 stifle joints in 13 patients met inclusion criteria (9 dogs, 4 cats) treated for injuries such as patellar fracture, patellar ligament rupture, stifle luxation, and femoral condylar fractures.
- The plate was contoured along the medial distal femur and proximal tibia, immobilizing the joint at 135–145° extension with at least three screws in each bone segment.
- Implant removal occurred at a median of 58 days (range 27–96), aligning with the planned ~6-week immobilization period intended to protect repair while limiting cartilage damage.
- No intraoperative complications were reported, and all animals were able to ambulate comfortably postoperatively.
- One major complication (plate breakage at 19 days) required early removal and temporary orthotic support.
- Four minor complications involved plate breakage occurring after the recommended removal time, often related to delayed follow-up appointments.
- Respecting the planned 6-week implant removal is important to prevent implant failure, and dedicated anatomically designed plates may further improve technique reliability.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
Temporary Transarticular Immobilization of the Stifle Joint Using a Locking Plate
2026-2-vcot-forzisi-3
In Trommelmans 2026 et al., on DPO DARA change, where does most acetabular rotation occur during double pelvic osteotomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) significantly decreases dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA), confirming improved acetabular ventroversion and femoral head coverage in dysplastic hips.
- The achieved acetabular ventroversion is consistently less than the plate’s predetermined angle, indicating predictable loss of rotation during DPO.
- Median reduction in DARA was 23.4°, 16.7°, and 15° with 30°, 25°, and 20° plates respectively, demonstrating that larger plates produce greater rotation but still less than intended.
- Actual ventroversion achieved was ~5–8° less than the plate angle, with median losses of 6.6°, 8.3°, and 5° for 30°, 25°, and 20° plates.
- Postoperative DARA decreased from ~16–18° preoperatively to approximately −4°, aligning with recommended postoperative acetabular slope targets.
- Postoperative DARA remained stable on short-term (~48 days) and long-term (~386 days) CT follow-up, suggesting minimal remodeling after DPO.
- Most acetabular rotation (~88%) occurs at the pelvic symphysis rather than through iliac torsion, explaining partial loss of rotation relative to plate angle.
- CT-measured DARA provides a reliable surgical planning metric and may improve implant angle selection for DPO procedures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
1
2026
Effect of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsal Acetabular Rim Angle Using Computed Tomography in 27 Dogs
2026-1-vcot-trommelmans-5
In Logothetou 2024 et al., on SPF complications, how did staple use for skin closure compare to sutures in terms of complication rate?
🔍 Key Findings
- Complication rate for subdermal plexus flaps (SPFs) in dogs was 53.6%.
- Skin staples had a numerically higher complication rate (72.2%) than sutures (49.3%), but not statistically significant due to small sample size.
- Most common complication was wound dehiscence (35%), followed by seroma (14%) and wound discharge (14%).
- Increased body weight was significantly associated with higher complication risk (OR = 1.056 per kg; p = .029).
- Advancement flaps were associated with a lower incidence of complications on univariable analysis (p < .001).
- Head region flap closures had fewer complications, while proximal pelvic limb closures had the highest complication rate.
- Age was a risk factor—each additional year increased odds of complications (OR = 1.019; p = .004).
- Closure technique did not significantly influence complication severity, though staple use was numerically worse.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Complications and influence of cutaneous closure technique on subdermal plexus flaps in 97 dogs (2006–2022)
2024-3-VS-logothetou-5
In Cronin 2026 et al., on hilar ligature outcomes, what postoperative complication required revision surgery in one dog?
🔍 Key Findings
- Hilar circumferential ligature (HCL) techniques resulted in a low overall complication rate during total lung lobectomy in dogs and cats undergoing surgery for clinical disease.
- 80 animals (65 dogs, 15 cats) underwent removal of 94 lung lobes, with 59 lobectomies performed using a commercial pre-tied ligature loop (CPLL) and 35 using hand-tied circumferential ligatures (HTCL).
- Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred in 4.3% of lobectomies (4/94) and was not significantly associated with ligature type (CPLL vs HTCL), knot type, or number of sutures per pedicle.
- Sliding knots had a notably higher hemorrhage proportion (28.6%), suggesting potential safety concerns with this knot configuration.
- Modified Miller’s knots (n=25) and Roeder knots (n=3) performed without reported hemorrhage complications, supporting their use in hilar ligation.
- One intraoperative mortality occurred due to tumor extrusion into the bronchus, rather than failure of the ligation technique.
- One postoperative complication required revision surgery for pneumothorax 8 days after surgery, indicating a low postoperative complication incidence.
- The technique offers a cost-effective and technically straightforward alternative to stapling devices, supporting broader clinical use of hilar ligature approaches.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Perioperative outcomes of 65 dogs and 15 cats undergoing lung lobectomies with a hilar circumferential ligature
2026-2-vs-cronin-5
In Karlin 2026 et al., on acetabular cup radiography, what was the approximate mean measurement error when calculating ALO using the CPAD?
🔍 Key Findings
- CPAD accurately measured angle of lateral opening (ALO) on sagittal radiographs with near-perfect agreement (Lin’s Rc = 0.994) compared with known angles.
- No significant difference between measured and true ALO values was detected (p = 0.655), supporting accuracy of the device for this parameter.
- Mean ALO measurement error was only 0.14° ± 1.18°, indicating high precision of the CPAD method.
- Open-face version measurements were significantly inaccurate compared with known values (p < 0.0001).
- Mean error in version measurement was 9.5° ± 6.31°, showing only moderate agreement (Rc = 0.424).
- Measurement error in version likely resulted from radiographic superimposition of the V-axis bar with the cup edge, making bar endpoints difficult to identify.
- CPAD accuracy for ALO (~1.18°) is nearly five times better than previous radiographic techniques, which typically achieve ~5° accuracy.
- Intraoperative fluoroscopic use of CPAD may allow real-time adjustment of cup orientation, potentially reducing luxation risk after canine THA.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
In Vitro Evaluation of a Device to Assess Acetabular Cup Position by Sagittal Plane Radiography
2026-2-vcot-karlin-2
In Fracka 2023 et al., on patient-specific guides, what best describes the effect of PSGs on sagittal plane alignment of femoral cuts?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) improved tibial cut alignment in the frontal plane compared to generic guides (mean error 1.03° vs 2.41°, p = .036).
- All tibial cuts using PSGs were within 3° of target alignment, while 2/8 of the generic group were outliers.
- PSGs significantly improved sagittal alignment of both distal (p = .018) and cranial (p = .043) femoral cuts.
- No significant difference was found in varus-valgus femoral alignment or closing angle between PSG and generic guide groups.
- Tibial sagittal slope alignment was not significantly different between groups.
- PSGs provided better intraoperative usability, including improved visibility, no loosening, and ease of use.
- Femoral sizing and component fit were equivalent between PSGs and generic guides, ensuring proper prosthesis alignment.
- PSGs may offer training advantages for novice surgeons, especially in anatomically complex or deformed joints.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
3D-printed, patient-specific cutting guides improve femoral and tibial cut alignment in canine total knee replacement
2023-5-VS-fracka-2
In Longo 2023 et al., on CT trochlear measurements, what FTGA threshold was proposed for recommending trochleoplasty in small breed dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Dogs with MPL had significantly shallower femoral trochlear grooves compared to controls, based on CT-measured femoral trochlear groove angle (FTGA).
- FTGA >134° in small breeds (SB) and >128° in medium/large breeds (MLB) were associated with MPL and can serve as surgical thresholds for considering trochleoplasty.
- FTA and FTRIA measurements were less reliable, showing lower sensitivity/specificity than FTGA.
- Inter-rater reliability for FTGA was excellent (ICC > 0.9), supporting its use in clinical decision-making.
- FTGA differed significantly between SB and MLB dogs, suggesting anatomical variation influences MPL predisposition.
- Dogs with MPL but with FTGA below threshold may not benefit from trochleoplasty, supporting individualized surgical planning.
- CT provides more precise and reproducible evaluation of trochlear morphology than radiography or ultrasound.
- The study introduces a CT protocol using P25 and P50 reference points for consistent FTGA measurement.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2023
Computed tomographic measurements of the femoral trochlea in dogs with and without medial patellar luxation
2023-3-VS-longo-2
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