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In Frapwell 2026 et al., on humeral condyle morphology, how did HIF-associated morphology differ in non-spaniels versus controls?
🔍 Key Findings
- HIF-affected dogs had significantly greater angle A and B, indicating increased axial articular angulation of the medial and lateral humeral condyle (p < .001).
- Vertical condylar height (lengths a and b) was significantly greater in HIF-affected dogs compared to controls (p = .007 and p < .001 respectively).
- Angle G (dorsal plane medial condyle angle) was also significantly greater in HIF-affected dogs, suggesting altered medial humeral morphology (p < .001).
- The angle between axial surfaces (A–B angle) was significantly more acute in HIF dogs (107.4° vs. 114.2°, p < .001), suggesting potential for increased shear force.
- Springer Spaniels with HIF showed significantly greater angulation and vertical height than unaffected Springer controls (p < .001 to .007 across variables).
- Morphological differences persisted across non-spaniel breeds, reinforcing that altered condylar geometry is not breed-restricted.
- Authors propose that greater condylar angulation contributes to shear stress, orthogonal to the fissure, possibly contributing to HIF pathogenesis.
- These morphologic alterations could inform future screening or preventive strategies, and may explain variable surgical outcomes and implant failure.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Analysis of humeral condylar morphology in dogs with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2026-1-VS-frapwell-5
In Low 2026 et al., on BFX stem subsidence, which complication type showed a significant association with subsidence?
🔍 Key Findings
- Median BFX stem subsidence was only 0.4 mm, but values ranged from −4.1 to 9.8 mm across 177 THRs.
- Subsidence was significantly associated with stem complications (p = .005), but not with non-stem complications (p = .76) or prosthetic luxation (p = .07).
- Most stem complications were intraoperative femoral fissures (8/11), and only one fissure progressed to postoperative femoral fracture.
- Traditional subsidence thresholds of 3 mm and 5 mm poorly predicted complications; most stems exceeding these values remained complication-free.
- Large subsidence can be clinically inconsequential, with two stems demonstrating 8.8 mm and 9.8 mm of subsidence without complications.
- Canal flare index, canal fill, and stem orientation were not associated with subsidence, suggesting limited predictive value of these radiographic measurements.
- Subsidence may reflect consequences of intraoperative fissures rather than cause complications, supporting a possible reverse-causality relationship.
- Clinical interpretation of subsidence should be contextual, considering fissures, implant sizing, femoral morphology, and patient factors rather than relying on numeric cutoffs alone.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2026
Subsidence of the BFX standard stem after canine total hip replacement: A case series of 177 consecutive procedures
2026-4-vs-low-2
In Hawker 2024 et al., on checklist attitudes, which implementation strategy was most commonly associated with SSC success?
🔍 Key Findings
- 67.9% of respondents reported using SSCs, with most indicating frequent use (64% used in every surgery).
- 78.7% agreed SSCs reduce complications, and 89.6% believed SSCs improve communication.
- Respondents not using SSCs were more likely to view them as a waste of time (p < .001).
- Forgetfulness (39.6%) and time constraints (36.5%) were leading reasons for checklist noncompletion.
- Only 23.3% had SSC training during surgical residency, with newer diplomates more likely to have had exposure (p < .001).
- Key strategies to improve uptake included: staff feedback modifications (67.9%), formal designation of initiator (48.6%), and training (52.2%).
- Surgeons and OR staff were most commonly identified as noncompliant team members.
- SSC use was more frequent in small animal practices, and mandating SSCs by management was favored but not always effective alone.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Attitudes towards surgical safety checklists among American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates
2024-5-VS-hawker-3
In Drudi 2022 et al., on CAL vs TAL outcomes, what was the approximate mean increase in rima glottidis area at 15 days post-op for the CAL group?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cricoarytenoid lateralization (CAL) resulted in a significantly greater increase in rima glottidis area at both immediate (205%) and 15-day (199%) time points compared to thyroarytenoid lateralization (TAL) (152% and 127%, respectively).
- TAL group showed a significant reduction in rima glottidis area between immediate and 15-day postoperative measurements (P < .05), while CAL group had no significant reduction over time.
- No dogs in either group showed postoperative complications, including aspiration pneumonia, at the 15-day follow-up.
- All dogs showed improved clinical signs, including decreased stridor and increased exercise tolerance by day 15.
- CAL produced more stable postoperative glottic area, potentially due to preserved anatomical tension, whereas TAL might experience tension loss due to thyroid cartilage repositioning.
- Both procedures were technically effective and performed under the same protocol by a single board-certified surgeon.
- Endoscopic image analysis was used to quantify rima glottidis area, demonstrating a reliable objective method for surgical outcome assessment.
- Clinical outcome did not differ between groups, despite CAL showing a larger rima glottidis area.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Comparison of immediate and short‐term outcomes of cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid lateralization in dogs with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis
2022-3-VS-drudi-2
In Kang 2023 et al., on 3DEP accuracy, what was a key advantage of the 3DEP design for fluid and debris management during surgery?
2023-8-VS-kang-5
In Giansetto 2022 et al., on preputial urethrostomy, what was the primary indication for performing the novel technique in all 4 dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified preputial urethrostomy without penile amputation was successfully performed in 4 male dogs with urethral stenosis or trauma.
- The technique involved anastomosis of the pelvic urethra to the preputial mucosa via caudal celiotomy, avoiding perineal urethrostomy complications.
- No cases of skin scalding or stoma stenosis were reported during short- and long-term follow-up.
- Two dogs developed mild urinary incontinence, particularly when excited; one improved with phenylpropanolamine.
- The approach preserved local anatomy, avoiding penile amputation, osteotomies, and preputial dissection.
- Postoperative urinary catheterization was used to protect the anastomosis, although optimal duration remains debated.
- Surgical access via the linea alba minimized tension at the anastomosis site and avoided complications from paramedian approaches.
- This technique may serve as a viable alternative to prepubic urethrostomy, reducing urine-related skin complications and improving cosmetic outcome.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Preputial urethrostomy with preservation of the local anatomy in 4 dogs
2022-8-VS-giansetto-3
In Walter de Bruyn 2024 et al., on orthogonal plate fixation, what was the effect of working length on construct stiffness?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Primary 3.5-mm LCP used with short (SWL), medium (MWL), and long (LWL) working lengths
- Addition of orthogonal 2.7-mm LCP resulted in:
- Significantly higher bending stiffness for SWL, MWL, and LWL (p < 0.0001)
- Higher torsional stiffness for MWL and LWL (not for SWL)
- Significantly lower strain across all working lengths in bending (p < 0.01)
- Working length inversely related to construct stiffness and directly to plate strain
- Orthogonal plates eliminated stiffness differences across working lengths in bending
- Suggests orthogonal plates can improve implant fatigue life and allow compensation when short working lengths are unachievable
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Effect of an Orthogonal Locking Plate and Primary Plate Working Length on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in an In vitro Fracture-Gap Model
2024-4-VCOT-walterdebruyn-1
In Quitzan 2022 et al., on staple line configuration, which FEESA variation did *not* significantly increase ILP compared to 2V/2T?
🔍 Key Findings
- All FEESA configurations leaked at lower pressures than intact segments, confirming reduced integrity vs. native tissue.
- FEESA with 3-row transverse staples (3V/3T or 2V/3T) had significantly higher leak pressures than 2-row configurations.
- 3V/3T configuration had the highest ILP (69.88 ± 21.23 mmHg) among all groups, significantly greater than 2V/2T and 3V/2T (P < .001).
- Leakage consistently occurred at the transverse staple line (not vertical), regardless of configuration.
- No significant difference in maximum intraluminal pressure (MIP) between FEESA groups.
- All FEESA constructs withstood intraluminal pressures >25 mmHg, exceeding normal physiological jejunal pressure in dogs.
- No leaks occurred from the vertical staple line, highlighting it as a more robust closure site.
- Third staple row in transverse line may be a viable alternative to suture oversew, pending further clinical evaluation.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Influence of staple line number and configuration on the leakage of small intestinal functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis: An ex vivo study
2022-5-VS-quitzan-4
In Jones 2024 et al., on elbow OA cysts, how was SBC prevalence related to osteoarthritis severity?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Sample: 38 Labrador Retrievers (76 elbows)
- SBCs (subchondral bone cysts):
- Not found in elbows without OA
- Increased number and size with OA severity:
- Grade 1: median 3 SBCs
- Grade 2: 9 SBCs
- Grade 3: 20 SBCs (p < .001)
- Larger SBCs in more severe OA (OR = 1.056, p = .012)
- Locations: 62% humerus, 28% ulna, 10% radius
- Sex and Age Effects:
- Older dogs had larger SBCs (p = .013)
- Female dogs had smaller SBCs (p = .002)
- SBC number unrelated to age or sex
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Evaluation of subchondral bone cysts in canine elbows with radiographic osteoarthritis secondary to elbow dysplasia
2024-2-VS-jones-1
In Kikuchi 2025 et al., on arthroscopic MMI in toy breeds, which factor was significantly associated with an increased risk of MMI?
🔍 Key Findings
- Medial meniscus injury (MMI) occurred in 36.3% of stifles with CrCLR in toy breed dogs (<5 kg)
- Complete CrCLR was significantly associated with MMI (15.3% of complete vs. 3.4% of partial)
- Severe lameness (grade 3) increased the likelihood of MMI compared to mild lameness (grade 1)
- Higher body weight, even within the toy breed range, was positively associated with MMI
- Yorkshire Terriers had the highest MMI incidence (55.6%), but this was not a significant independent factor due to multicollinearity
- Arthroscopy identified more meniscal damage (including small radial tears and bucket-handle lesions) than gross examination might detect
- MMI was classified as mild (radial tear) or severe (bucket-handle or flap) with implications for partial meniscectomy
- Arthroscopy was used in all cases, underscoring its utility in small-breed stifle assessment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Incidence of Medial Meniscus Injury Detected by Arthroscopy in Toy Breed Dogs
2025-5-VCOT-kikuchi-2
Quiz Results
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Key Findings