Your Custom Quiz
In De Moya 2025 et al., on antebrachial deformity correction, what percentage of the recorded distraction translated to actual radial lengthening?
🔍 Key Findings
- CESF with distraction osteogenesis restored elbow congruity and normalized aLDRA in skeletally immature dogs with PCDRP.
- Radial head subluxation was eliminated in all dogs, and elbow incongruity reduced significantly (from 6.1 mm to 0.3 mm, p <.01).
- Mean radial lengthening of 22.6 mm (∼11% of normal length) was achieved, but only 80% of recorded distraction translated to length gain.
- Major complications occurred in 2/12 dogs: one with permanent carpal contracture, one with radial fracture at wire tract.
- Minor complications (e.g., carpal pain, restricted extension, synostosis, pin tract issues) were noted in 10/12 dogs but generally resolved.
- Owner surveys (8/12 dogs) reported good to excellent long-term function, even up to 6 years post-op.
- Radial valgus deformities were moderate (mean 15°) and less severe than deformities from ulnar physeal closure.
- Surgical strategy included staged distraction, with radial or combined radius/ulna distraction guided by fluoroscopy and adjusted per case.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Treatment of antebrachial deformities secondary to premature closure of the distal radial physis using circular external skeletal fixation and distraction osteogenesis in skeletally immature dogs
2025-6-VS-demoya-2
In Welsh 2025 et al., on orthogonal plating, what was observed in all constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Compared unilateral plating (UP) vs orthogonal plating (OP) with 2.0, 2.4, and 3.0 mm plates (OP2.0, OP2.4, OP3.0).
- Model: acetal homopolymer (Delrin) rod with 29 mm fixed fracture gap, loaded axially (4–196 N, 90,000 cycles).
- OP constructs had 2.5–4.1x higher strength and 3.0–4.2x higher stiffness than UP constructs (p < .0002).
- UP had 3.5–4.1x higher gap strain than OP groups (p < .0075).
- All OP groups exceeded 1000 N max load before failure (vs 424 N for UP).
- Greater implant size in OP groups further increased performance.
- All constructs survived fatigue loading; 3.5 mm plates showed deformation, especially UP; OP plates remained intact.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Biomechanical analysis of orthogonal and unilateral locking plate constructs in a fracture gap model
2025-4-VS-welsh-4
In David 2024 et al., on single-port cryptorchidectomy, which location was chosen for laparoscopic port placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Single-port laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy (SP-LAC) was feasible in 13/14 dogs with abdominal cryptorchidism.
- Median surgical time was 17 min for unilateral and 27 min for bilateral cryptorchidectomy.
- All testes were successfully exteriorized through a 15-mm mini-celiotomy in most dogs; only 2 needed slight enlargement.
- One major complication occurred (testicular artery hemorrhage, requiring conversion to open surgery).
- Two minor complications involved trocar-related issues (splenic capsule laceration, capnoretroperitoneum).
- No incisional complications were reported postoperatively; some dogs had mild dermatitis at the clipped site.
- The technique requires only one surgeon and no advanced tools beyond a single-port endoscope.
- Low-pressure capnoperitoneum (6 mmHg) was adequate for visualization in most cases.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Single-port laparoscopic-assisted abdominal cryptorchidectomy in 14 dogs
2024-3-VS-david-4
In Redolfi 2024 et al., what factor contributed to the single case of MPL reluxation?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study of 24 stifles in 22 dogs with concurrent CCLR and grade III–IV MPL treated via TPLO-TTT
- Major complications: 4/24 (3 surgical site infections, 1 MPL reluxation); minor complications: 5/24
- Long-term follow-up (median 27 months): 21/22 dogs sound, 23/24 stifles resolved
- Patellar ligament thickening observed post-op in 4 cases, resolved with rehab
- The only case of MPL reluxation involved untreated tibial torsion, suggesting case selection is critical
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Complications and Long-Term Outcomes after Combined Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy and Tibial Tuberosity Transposition for Treatment of Concurrent Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Grade III or IV Medial Patellar Luxation
2024-1-VCOT-redolfi-4
In Townsend 2024 et al., on 3D osteotomy accuracy, which metric did NOT differ significantly between PSG and freehand methods?
🔍 Key Findings:
- Design: Ex vivo study with 24 paired limbs from normal beagle dogs.
- Osteotomy types (3 groups):
- 30° uniplanar frontal wedge
- Oblique (30° frontal, 15° sagittal)
- Single oblique (30° frontal, 15° sagittal, 30° external rotation)
- Comparison: 3D PSG vs Freehand (FH)
- Main Outcomes:
- PSG accuracy: Mean angular deviation = 2.8° vs 6.4° in FH (p < .001).
- 84% of PSG osteotomies were within 5° of target vs 50% of FH.
- Significant improvements with PSG in:
- Group 1 (uniplanar frontal) proximal and distal frontal planes (p < .001, .006)
- Group 3 (SOO) frontal and sagittal planes (p = .002, .043)
- Time: PSG faster in complex SOO group (84s vs 162s, p < .001); no difference in others.
- No difference in osteotomy location (mm) between methods.
- Clinical relevance: PSG more consistent and accurate, especially for complex cuts.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Comparison of three-dimensional printed patient-specific guides versus freehand approach for radial osteotomies in normal dogs: Ex vivo model
2024-2-VS-townsend-5
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, why are two simple interrupted sutures (TCS) or SCCS considered superior to a single suture (SICS)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Augmenting FEESA with two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS) or simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS) significantly increased initial leakage pressure (ILP) compared to no suture or a single suture (NCS, SICS).
- SCCS had the highest ILP (47.6 mm Hg), followed by TCS (37.8 mm Hg), SICS (33.0 mm Hg), and NCS (27.1 mm Hg).
- All crotch suture types increased maximal leakage pressure (MLP) compared to no crotch suture.
- Leakage from the crotch occurred most commonly in NCS (67%) and SICS (50%), but only 8% with TCS and 0% with SCCS.
- SCCS was the only technique where leakage never occurred at the crotch site.
- SCCS had the highest MLP (100.6 mm Hg), supporting its use in clinical settings with high-risk patients.
- Intraluminal pressures during leakage in NCS constructs were sometimes below normal physiologic pressures, emphasizing risk of leakage without crotch suture.
- The transverse staple line never leaked in any group, indicating the crotch is the primary weak point.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Influence of crotch suture augmentation on leakage pressure and leakage location during functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses in dogs
2022-4-VS-duffy-5
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which group had the **lowest resistance to leakage**, sometimes leaking below physiologic pressures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Augmenting FEESA with two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS) or simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS) significantly increased initial leakage pressure (ILP) compared to no suture or a single suture (NCS, SICS).
- SCCS had the highest ILP (47.6 mm Hg), followed by TCS (37.8 mm Hg), SICS (33.0 mm Hg), and NCS (27.1 mm Hg).
- All crotch suture types increased maximal leakage pressure (MLP) compared to no crotch suture.
- Leakage from the crotch occurred most commonly in NCS (67%) and SICS (50%), but only 8% with TCS and 0% with SCCS.
- SCCS was the only technique where leakage never occurred at the crotch site.
- SCCS had the highest MLP (100.6 mm Hg), supporting its use in clinical settings with high-risk patients.
- Intraluminal pressures during leakage in NCS constructs were sometimes below normal physiologic pressures, emphasizing risk of leakage without crotch suture.
- The transverse staple line never leaked in any group, indicating the crotch is the primary weak point.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Influence of crotch suture augmentation on leakage pressure and leakage location during functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses in dogs
2022-4-VS-duffy-3
In Latifi 2024 et al., on fascial mapping in the canine hindlimb, which region consistently lacked a usable fascial plane for wide tumor excision?
🔍 Key Findings
- This anatomical study mapped fascial planes of the canine hindlimb and pelvis to aid superficial tumor resection.
- Type I fascia (discrete sheets) was suitable for deep margins in fascia lata, lateral crus, and gluteal regions.
- Areas with poor or absent fascia included the ischiorectal fossa, femoral triangle, stifle extensor mechanism, and pes.
- Type IV fascia associated with periosteum (e.g., patella, tibial tuberosity) required partial ostectomy for inclusion in surgical margins.
- Nerves at risk during deep dissection included obturator, superficial peroneal, and tibial nerves, particularly in regions with weak fascia.
- In males, bulbospongiosus muscle could act as a fascial plane but dissection was challenging and potentially hemorrhagic.
- In females, constrictor vulvae/vestibulae muscles were tightly associated with mucosa, limiting clean resection options.
- Distal hindlimb resections often lacked a usable fascial plane, suggesting that amputation or adjuvant therapy may be more appropriate.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs: Part III – Hindlimb and pelvis
2024-3-VS-latifi-1
In Ellis 2024 et al., what was the purpose of using standardized CT reconstruction planes?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 86 elbows assessed: 32 Guide Dogs, 11 Border Collies
- Guide Dogs showed significantly higher HU values in:
- MCP: min (p = 0.022), mean (p < 0.01), max (p < 0.01)
- Humeral trochlea: mean (p < 0.01), max (p < 0.01)
- Results imply breed-associated HU variation, not necessarily pathologic sclerosis
- Relevance: Important to avoid false positives for elbow dysplasia during CT-based breeding screens
- Good interobserver agreement for mean HU values (ICC ~0.82–0.90)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Comparison of Hounsfield Units within the Humeral Trochlea and Medial Coronoid Process in a Population of Labrador X Golden Retriever Guide Dogs and Border Collies
2024-3-VCOT-ellis-3
In Kikuchi 2025 et al., on arthroscopic MMI in toy breeds, what was the overall incidence of medial meniscus injury (MMI) in dogs with CrCLR?
🔍 Key Findings
- Medial meniscus injury (MMI) occurred in 36.3% of stifles with CrCLR in toy breed dogs (<5 kg)
- Complete CrCLR was significantly associated with MMI (15.3% of complete vs. 3.4% of partial)
- Severe lameness (grade 3) increased the likelihood of MMI compared to mild lameness (grade 1)
- Higher body weight, even within the toy breed range, was positively associated with MMI
- Yorkshire Terriers had the highest MMI incidence (55.6%), but this was not a significant independent factor due to multicollinearity
- Arthroscopy identified more meniscal damage (including small radial tears and bucket-handle lesions) than gross examination might detect
- MMI was classified as mild (radial tear) or severe (bucket-handle or flap) with implications for partial meniscectomy
- Arthroscopy was used in all cases, underscoring its utility in small-breed stifle assessment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Incidence of Medial Meniscus Injury Detected by Arthroscopy in Toy Breed Dogs
2025-5-VCOT-kikuchi-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings