Your Custom Quiz
In Burton 2023 et al., on CHAPS plate design, what major benefit does the CHAPS system offer during surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- The Canine Humeral Anatomic Plating System (CHAPS) was designed using CT-based 3D modeling of 100 canine humeri from 5–50 kg.
- Four plate sizes (TP1–TP4) were developed to accommodate a wide range of canine body sizes.
- Plate contour fit was evaluated across 48 cadaveric limbs and showed a 97.5% median surface match, demonstrating excellent topographic conformity.
- Screw hole placement avoided 95–100% of critical anatomical structures including the supratrochlear foramen and nutrient foramen.
- The plates were designed for use with locking screws, improving biomechanical stability for humeral diaphyseal fractures.
- CHAPS plates showed consistent alignment with humeral curvature in both craniocaudal and mediolateral planes.
- CT data revealed marked breed and size variation, but the multi-size design achieved broad anatomical applicability.
- The system provides an anatomic solution with potentially fewer intraoperative contouring needs and reduced iatrogenic risk.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2023
Design and topographic evaluation of a canine humeral anatomic plating system (CHAPS)
2023-3-vs-burton-5
In Glenn 2024 et al., on client-based SSI surveillance, which major limitation was noted in detecting deep or implant-associated infections?
🔍 Key Findings
- Algorithm 3 had the highest overall accuracy (95.5%) in diagnosing SSIs from client questionnaires.
- Active surveillance identified 19.4% more SSIs compared to passive surveillance alone.
- SSI rate was 8.22% across 754 surgeries; 33.9% of SSIs required revision surgery.
- Client-based responses were 37.9% more frequent than those from referring veterinarians.
- Deep/implant SSIs could be missed if not associated with visible wound healing problems.
- Two late SSIs (after 90 days) occurred, both linked to implant surgeries.
- Algorithm 1 was the most sensitive (87.1%) but less specific; useful for screening.
- Algorithm 2 had the highest specificity (97.9%); useful as a “rule-in” diagnostic method.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Evaluation of a client questionnaire at diagnosing surgical site infections in an active surveillance system
2024-8-VS-glenn-5
In Nagahiro 2023 et al., on quadriceps-femoral mismatch, what was the primary clinical implication of a reduced QML/FL ratio in dogs with MPL?
🔍 Key Findings
- Quadriceps muscle length/femoral length ratio (QML/FL) was significantly lower in dogs with grade IV MPL than grades I–III (p ≤ .002).
- Shortened QML was associated with increased femoral torsion angle (FTA) and increased aLDFA, indicating correlation with femoral deformity.
- QML/FL increased with age, possibly due to muscular development or reduced deformity in older dogs (p = .004).
- Grade IV MPL dogs had QML/FL < 0.87, the lower normal limit based on healthy beagles, suggesting clinically significant muscle shortening.
- PLL/PL ratio (used to diagnose patella alta) was not associated with QML/FL or MPL severity in small breeds.
- QML/FL can help preoperatively identify candidates for femoral shortening ostectomy, improving femoropatellar alignment.
- Multivariate regression model confirmed QML/FL is independently influenced by age, FTA, and aLDFA (R² = 0.45).
- CT-based 3D measurements enabled objective, noninvasive quantification of femoral and muscle alignment parameters.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Evaluation of the quadriceps muscle length to femoral length ratio in small breed dogs with medial patellar luxation
2023-4-VS-nagahiro-2
In Johnson 2026 et al., on long-term respiratory outcomes, which surgical combination was most commonly performed among the long-term assessed dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Long-term respiratory outcomes after BOAS surgery remained improved vs. preoperative values, with no significant decline over time.
- Short-term and long-term Respiratory Functional Grades (RFGs) improved in 81% of dogs, with 34% improving by two grades.
- BOAS indices improved significantly in both short- and long-term follow-ups (mean decrease ~23–25%), supporting sustained benefit.
- No significant difference between short- and long-term BOAS indices (p = .623), indicating durability of surgical effects.
- Obesity impacted outcomes — dogs with increased RFG at long-term follow-up were more likely to have gained weight.
- Owner-reported outcomes poorly correlated with objective measures — some dogs classified as BOAS-affected were perceived by owners as “normal.”
- Multilevel surgery was common, with palatoplasty, tonsillectomy, sacculectomy, and ala-vestibuloplasty most frequently performed.
- Dogs undergoing revision airway surgery were excluded, possibly biasing long-term outcomes toward favorable results.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Comparison of short- and long-term objective respiratory outcomes after surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome
2026-1-VS-johnson-5
In Isono 2025 et al., on tibial malalignment in MPL, which statistical trend was observed in toy poodles with grade 3 MPL?
🔍 Key Findings
- Proximal Tibia Metatarsal Angle (PTMTA) was significantly increased in dogs with grade 3 and 4 MPL, making it a useful marker for severity.
- PTMTA strongly correlated with Tibial Torsion Angle (TTA) (r = 0.733) and Crural Rotation Angle (CRA) (r = 0.643), integrating multiple morphological deformities.
- Grade 4 MPL cases showed significant internal tibial torsion, increased mMPTA, and decreased MDTT/PTW—indicating both rotation and medial displacement.
- DTMTA was significantly more negative in grade 4, indicating a consistent pattern of internal foot rotation with disease severity.
- PTMTA can be visually assessed during palpation, offering preoperative utility without CT.
- Among toy poodles, PTMTA showed significant differences even between grades 3 and normal, suggesting breed-specific severity patterns.
- Corrective osteotomy may need to address tibial as well as femoral deformities in severe MPL cases with high PTMTA.
- Younger dogs with grade 4 MPL had more severe deformities, possibly due to early onset or developmental progression.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Tibial Torsion Malalignment in Small Dogs with Medial Patellar Luxation
2025-4-VCOT-isono-4
In Dobberstein 2022 et al., on NSAID ulcer repair, what was a common factor among most dogs that developed gastrointestinal perforations?
🔍 Key Findings
- Primary repair of NSAID-associated full-thickness gastroduodenal ulcers was successful in 73% (8/11) of cases.
- NSAID overdose, concurrent corticosteroid use, or extended duration were identified in 9/11 dogs and were major contributors to ulceration.
- All perforations were in the pylorus or proximal duodenum, locations suitable for primary closure.
- No significant association between ulcer size or location and postoperative survival.
- Preoperative hyperlactatemia trended toward increased mortality (P = .0544; OR 2.045).
- Postoperative vasopressor use was linked with a 9-fold increased risk of mortality (P = .0545).
- Dehiscence was rare, suspected in only 1 of 11 cases, indicating that primary repair is structurally sound in selected cases.
- Median follow-up of 444 days showed long-term survival was achievable post-primary repair.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Primary repair of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐associated full thickness gastrointestinal ulcers in 11 dogs
2022-7-VS-dobberstein-2
In Song 2024 et al., on CT vs cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, what proportion of dogs were misclassified for CLA candidacy based on CT findings alone?
🔍 Key Findings
- CT correctly identified ectopic ureters in 91% of dogs, but missed 50% of normal ureters, limiting its negative predictive value.
- Sensitivity for intramural ectopic ureters was 65%, while specificity was 71%, indicating moderate diagnostic performance.
- Sensitivity for extramural ectopic ureters was only 29%, despite a high specificity of 97%.
- CT was inaccurate in predicting ureteral orifice location, with sensitivity ranging from 0% to 76% depending on the site.
- 26% of dogs were misclassified for cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA) eligibility based on CT findings alone.
- Overall CT accuracy for CLA candidacy was 74%, but a significant minority would have been inappropriately treated.
- Multivariate analysis found no predictive factors (e.g., colon distension, body weight) for when CT would be incorrect.
- Authors recommend confirmatory cystoscopy to verify CT findings prior to treatment planning.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Receiver operating characteristics of computed tomography (CT) compared to cystoscopy in diagnosis of canine ectopic ureters: Thirty-five cases
2024-3-VS-song-4
In Quitzan 2022 et al., on staple line configuration, what was concluded about the vertical staple line?
🔍 Key Findings
- All FEESA configurations leaked at lower pressures than intact segments, confirming reduced integrity vs. native tissue.
- FEESA with 3-row transverse staples (3V/3T or 2V/3T) had significantly higher leak pressures than 2-row configurations.
- 3V/3T configuration had the highest ILP (69.88 ± 21.23 mmHg) among all groups, significantly greater than 2V/2T and 3V/2T (P < .001).
- Leakage consistently occurred at the transverse staple line (not vertical), regardless of configuration.
- No significant difference in maximum intraluminal pressure (MIP) between FEESA groups.
- All FEESA constructs withstood intraluminal pressures >25 mmHg, exceeding normal physiological jejunal pressure in dogs.
- No leaks occurred from the vertical staple line, highlighting it as a more robust closure site.
- Third staple row in transverse line may be a viable alternative to suture oversew, pending further clinical evaluation.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Influence of staple line number and configuration on the leakage of small intestinal functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis: An ex vivo study
2022-5-VS-quitzan-5
In Jenkins 2022 et al., on medial epicondylar fissure fracture, what was the most significant risk factor for developing MEFF?
🔍 Key Findings
- MEFF occurred in 11.4% (10/88 elbows) following medial-to-lateral transcondylar screw placement in dogs with HIF.
- Screw size to condylar height ratio >41% significantly increased MEFF risk (P = .004, OR 1.52).
- MEFF was not recognized intraoperatively in 60% of cases and was only seen on follow-up or retrospective imaging review.
- Screw loosening was the most common complication (11.2%), observed both with and without MEFF.
- MEFF tended to increase the risk of screw loosening (P = .06), but was not statistically significant.
- Most MEFFs did not require treatment and healed radiographically by 14–17 weeks in monitored cases.
- Shaft screws were used in all MEFF cases, but shaft vs cortical design was not significantly associated with MEFF.
- The clinical impact of MEFF was minor in most cases, although long-term significance is unknown.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Medial epicondylar fissure fracture as a complication of transcondylar screw placement for the treatment of humeral intracondylar fissure
2022-4-VS-jenkins-1
In Chan 2025 et al., on partial cuneiformectomy in BOAS dogs, what was the typical impact on rima glottidis after the procedure?
🔍 Key Findings
- Partial cuneiformectomy (PC) did not increase complication rates compared to multilevel surgery alone (overall complications: PC = 16.3%, non-PC = 19.4%; p = .758).
- Major complication rates were not significantly different (PC = 11.6%, non-PC = 7.4%; p = .482).
- Significant improvement in BOAS grade was observed in dogs undergoing PC (p < .0001).
- BOAS index improved significantly in both groups, with greater median reduction in the PC group (28.5%) than non-PC (20.7%) (p < .0001).
- Low body condition score (BCS <4) was significantly associated with higher complication rates (odds ratio = 0.452; p = .004).
- Hospitalization duration did not differ between groups (median = 1 day; p = .743).
- Mortality was low (3.5%) in the PC group despite more severe airway disease, suggesting the technique is safe even in advanced collapse.
- The technique widened the rima glottidis without damaging surrounding structures, reducing airflow resistance and preserving laryngeal function.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Complication rate and outcomes of laryngeal cuneiformectomy in dogs with advanced laryngeal collapse
2025-6-VS-chan-4
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Key Findings