🔍 Key Findings

Study focus: Outcomes of cannulated screw fixation in unicondylar humeral condylar fractures (UHCF) in dogs.
Clinical union rate: 89%
Overall complication rate: 36%

• Major complication: Most common was screw breakage

Significant risk factor for screw breakage:

• Body weight >20 kg (statistically significant)

Breed distribution:

• Spaniels, especially English Springer Spaniels, were most common

No mention of plate augmentation as standard in this cohort

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Canine cadaveric study comparing intercostal thoracotomy (ICT), median sternotomy (MS), and transdiaphragmatic with caudal median sternotomy (TDCM) for accessory lung lobectomy (ALL).
• Main Outcomes:
  • Exposure Area: TDCM (193.5 cm²) > MS (106.5 cm²) > ICT (73.5 cm²) (p = .01).
  • TDCM provided significantly greater exposure than MS (p = .02) and ICT (p = .02); MS > ICT (p = .04).
  • Surgical Time: No significant difference (p = .06).
  • Lobe Excision (% by weight/surface area): No significant difference between groups (p = .4).
  • Staple Line Leak: Leak at ≤40 cmH₂O in 2/4 ICT, 0/4 MS, 0/4 TDCM (p = .09).
• Complications:
  • 1/4 MS cases had iatrogenic damage to an adjacent lobe.
• Technical Insights:
  • TDCM approach allowed immediate visualization of all three parts of the right pulmonary ligament.
  • The TDCM approach offers improved access without requiring en bloc removal with the right caudal lobe.
• Conclusion: The TDCM approach provides improved exposure for ALL lobectomy with no increase in surgical time or complications relative to other approaches.

🔍 Key Findings

• Ex vivo study using 24 canine cadaver pelves to test screw thread direction in SI luxation.
• Four groups: RhRSI, RhLSI, LhRSI, LhLSI.
• Right-handed screws on right side (RhRSI) had 313% higher torque and 274% higher load vs left side (p < .01).
• Left-handed screws on left side (LhLSI) had 198% higher torque and 195% higher load vs right side (p < .03).
• All failures occurred due to rotation, with no screw breakage or fractures.
• Body weight and moment arm were similar across groups.
• Clinical implication: Use of screw matching handedness to luxation side improves stability.

🔍 Key Findings

• Peritoneal effusion cytology remains the most rapid and reliable diagnostic for SP; detection of intracellular bacteria is highly specific (100%) and sensitive in dogs and cats.
• Blood-effusion glucose difference >20 mg/dL has 100% sensitivity and specificity for SP in both dogs and cats, but point-of-care glucometers may falsely elevate effusion glucose.
• Preoperative stapled intestinal anastomoses have lower dehiscence rates than handsewn in dogs with SP in some studies, especially in unstable patients.
• Fluorescent angiography may outperform visual/palpatory assessment in determining intestinal viability during surgery.
• Omentalization and serosal patching offer reinforcement for intestinal repairs in SP; experimental studies show improved healing, though clinical data are limited.
• Open abdomen with VAC therapy offers comparable survival to closed methods, with potential benefits including improved peritoneal healing and drainage.
• Closed suction drains show survival rates ranging from 52–100% in dogs and cats with SP; concerns exist about nosocomial infections, but survival was not consistently affected.
• Lavage with saline is standard (200–300 mL/kg), but risks include mesothelial irritation and cytokine spread; buffered solutions like LRS or Plasmalyte may be superior.

🔍 Key Findings

• No leakage occurred using pretied ligature loops (PLL) or double-shank (DS) titanium clips up to 40 cm H₂O airway pressure.
• 1/10 stapled lobes leaked at supraphysiologic pressure (40 cm H₂O), but this was not statistically significant (p = .33).
• All techniques sealed effectively under physiologic and supraphysiologic pressures in cadaveric feline lungs.
• PLL and DS clips required less working space than staplers, making them more practical for small thoracic cavities.
• DS titanium clips offer enhanced security due to dual shanks and tissue-gripping design, reducing clip slippage.
• Leak testing was cyclic and submerged, simulating physiologic ventilation and allowing robust evaluation.
• Stapling failure occurred along the staple line, highlighting risks of air leakage due to staple misalignment or poor hilar access.
• PLL and DS clips may be cost-effective and efficient alternatives for open or minimally invasive feline lung lobectomy.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• The lateral approach via scapular osteotomy allowed safe access to the T1-2 foramen in a French Bulldog with foraminal disc extrusion.
• A mini-hemilaminectomy was performed, preserving articular facets.
• The dog had no neurologic deficits postoperatively, returned to ambulation within 24 hours, and was discharged in 3 days.
• At 10 months, CT confirmed excellent scapular healing and no recurrence.
• Double 2.4-mm locking plates provided stable fixation across the scapular spine.
• The technique avoided thoracic entry or dorsal spine dissection, suggesting a less invasive alternative for select T1-2 foraminal cases.

🔍 Key Findings

• Craniomedial and craniolateral approaches provided comparable exposure of the feline radial diaphysis (p > .05).
• Mean exposed surface area was slightly greater with the craniolateral approach, both including and excluding the supinator muscle, but differences were not significant.
• Elevation of the supinator muscle increased exposure for both approaches.
• Cadaver weight and limb side did not significantly affect exposure area.
• The craniolateral approach allows easier patient positioning in lateral recumbency without traction or an assistant.
• Craniolateral access facilitates dual bone fixation (radius and ulna) through a single approach.
• The craniomedial approach carries greater risk to median and radial nerves during muscle elevation.
• Findings validate the craniolateral approach as a practical alternative for feline antebrachial fracture repair.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 5 juvenile dogs (mean age 7.2 months) with grade III–IV MPL were treated surgically.
• Most had femoral varus + external tibial torsion; some had shallow trochlear grooves.
• Distal femoral osteotomy was performed in 4/5 dogs; Tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) in 3/5; Sulcoplasty in 2/5.
• Mean time to weight bearing: 9.8 ± 5.5 days; healing: 55 ± 24 days
• No reluxations, and final radiographic values for aLDFA and torsion were maintained at 1 year.
• One complication due to domestic trauma, not surgical failure.
• Early surgery appeared to preserve alignment and prevent deformity progression.

🔍 Key Findings

• Bending tees significantly increased mediolateral bending stiffness, but not craniocaudal stiffness, in plate-bone constructs.
• Mean mediolateral stiffness was 43.2 N/mm with tees vs. 41.1 N/mm without (p = 0.0042), though the absolute difference was small.
• No significant differences were found in craniocaudal bending stiffness between constructs with or without tees (p = 0.89).
• Plastic deformation occurred in all constructs; no screw pull-out or implant breakage was observed.
• SOP nodes may resist compressive but not tensile deformation, suggesting variable mechanical contributions depending on loading direction.
• Craniocaudal bending had greater stiffness than mediolateral due to higher area moment of inertia along the node diameter.
• Clinical relevance of added stiffness from tees remains unclear, warranting further in vivo and cyclic testing.
• This was the first study to directly test SOP constructs with/without tees over a fracture gap in multiple planes.