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Ferreira et al: Effect of heated pneumoperitoneum on body temperature in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy—A randomized controlled trial
Veterinary Surgery 5, 2025

🔍 Key Findings

  • Heated CO₂ insufflation reduced perioperative hypothermia during laparoscopic ovariectomy compared to nonheated CO₂.
  • Final body temperature was significantly higher in the heated group (36.03°C) than in the nonheated group (34.93°C).
  • Temperature reduction correlated with surgical duration only in the nonheated group (p < .05).
  • Heated CO₂ delayed temperature drop, occurring after 20 minutes vs. 5 minutes in nonheated cases.
  • No significant differences between groups in anesthetic, surgical, or insufflation times.
  • All dogs recovered uneventfully and were discharged the same day.
  • Heated CO₂ may offer greater benefit in longer procedures or in small-sized dogs prone to hypothermia.
  • No adverse effects were attributed to heated gas use in this clinical trial.

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← Articles

Ferreira et al: Effect of heated pneumoperitoneum on body temperature in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy—A randomized controlled trial
Veterinary Surgery 5, 2025

🔍 Key Findings

  • Heated CO₂ insufflation reduced perioperative hypothermia during laparoscopic ovariectomy compared to nonheated CO₂.
  • Final body temperature was significantly higher in the heated group (36.03°C) than in the nonheated group (34.93°C).
  • Temperature reduction correlated with surgical duration only in the nonheated group (p < .05).
  • Heated CO₂ delayed temperature drop, occurring after 20 minutes vs. 5 minutes in nonheated cases.
  • No significant differences between groups in anesthetic, surgical, or insufflation times.
  • All dogs recovered uneventfully and were discharged the same day.
  • Heated CO₂ may offer greater benefit in longer procedures or in small-sized dogs prone to hypothermia.
  • No adverse effects were attributed to heated gas use in this clinical trial.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Ferreira 2025 et al., on heated pneumoperitoneum in dogs, what was the mean final temperature in the heated group?

A. 36.7°C
B. 34.1°C
C. 35.0°C
D. 36.03°C
E. 37.1°C

Answer: 36.03°C

Explanation: The mean final temperature in the heated group was 36.03°C, significantly higher than the nonheated group's 34.93°C.
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on heated pneumoperitoneum in dogs, which of the following correlated with temperature reduction only in the nonheated group?

A. Body weight
B. Surgical position
C. Age
D. Insufflation time
E. Preoperative fasting

Answer: Insufflation time

Explanation: In the nonheated group, longer insufflation time was significantly correlated with lower final body temperature (p = .037).
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on heated pneumoperitoneum in dogs, how soon after surgery began did the nonheated group show a temperature drop?

A. 20 minutes
B. 15 minutes
C. 5 minutes
D. 10 minutes
E. 25 minutes

Answer: 5 minutes

Explanation: The nonheated group showed a statistically significant temperature reduction just 5 minutes after the start of surgery.
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on heated pneumoperitoneum in dogs, what was the primary finding comparing heated to nonheated CO₂?

A. Heated CO₂ reduced surgical duration
B. Heated CO₂ increased postoperative pain
C. Heated CO₂ improved final body temperature
D. Heated CO₂ increased intra-abdominal pressure
E. Heated CO₂ reduced oxygen saturation

Answer: Heated CO₂ improved final body temperature

Explanation: Dogs insufflated with heated CO₂ had significantly higher final temperatures than those receiving nonheated gas.
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on heated pneumoperitoneum in dogs, what best describes the clinical outcome of all patients in the study?

A. Two cases required rewarming post-op
B. All animals were hospitalized overnight
C. One dog experienced respiratory depression
D. All animals recovered and were discharged same day
E. Three dogs experienced wound infections

Answer: All animals recovered and were discharged same day

Explanation: All 15 dogs recovered uneventfully and were discharged on the day of surgery.

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