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Moreira et al: Predicting tibial plateau angles following four different types of cranial closing wedge ostectomy
Veterinary Surgery 8, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • A linear relationship was observed between wedge angle and tibial plateau angle (TPA) correction across all four CCWO techniques.
  • All techniques produced predictable TPA corrections using linear regression-derived equations, allowing wedge angle extrapolation to achieve a target postoperative TPA of 5°.
  • TLA shift (tibial long axis) increased with wedge angle and influenced final TPA; greatest in Frederick & Cross method.
  • Tibial shortening (mTL%) varied by technique, being most severe (up to 40.9%) in traditional Slocum & Devine CCWO and least in newer techniques (7.5–12%).
  • The Oxley mCCWO technique showed lower TLA shift compared to the Frederick & Cross and Christ techniques, though similar to Slocum & Devine; tibial shortening was more pronounced than other modified techniques at wedge angles ≤40°.
  • Techniques varied in craniocaudal translation and wedge apex positioning, influencing planning accuracy and mechanical axis alignment.
  • The corrective wedge angle equations reliably predicted TPA within 4–6° across varied tibial conformations.
  • The study supports equation-based planning over static TPA–5° subtraction to reduce risk of under- or over-correction.

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← Articles

Moreira et al: Predicting tibial plateau angles following four different types of cranial closing wedge ostectomy
Veterinary Surgery 8, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • A linear relationship was observed between wedge angle and tibial plateau angle (TPA) correction across all four CCWO techniques.
  • All techniques produced predictable TPA corrections using linear regression-derived equations, allowing wedge angle extrapolation to achieve a target postoperative TPA of 5°.
  • TLA shift (tibial long axis) increased with wedge angle and influenced final TPA; greatest in Frederick & Cross method.
  • Tibial shortening (mTL%) varied by technique, being most severe (up to 40.9%) in traditional Slocum & Devine CCWO and least in newer techniques (7.5–12%).
  • The Oxley mCCWO technique showed lower TLA shift compared to the Frederick & Cross and Christ techniques, though similar to Slocum & Devine; tibial shortening was more pronounced than other modified techniques at wedge angles ≤40°.
  • Techniques varied in craniocaudal translation and wedge apex positioning, influencing planning accuracy and mechanical axis alignment.
  • The corrective wedge angle equations reliably predicted TPA within 4–6° across varied tibial conformations.
  • The study supports equation-based planning over static TPA–5° subtraction to reduce risk of under- or over-correction.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, which CCWO technique produced the **greatest** tibial shortening at high wedge angles?

A. Frederick and Cross
B. Christ et al.
C. Slocum and Devine
D. Oxley et al.
E. All techniques showed equal shortening

Answer: Slocum and Devine

Explanation: Slocum and Devine CCWO had up to 40.9% mTL reduction, the highest among all.
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, what was the observed relationship between wedge angle and TPA correction across all four CCWO techniques?

A. A non-linear relationship with substantial inter-technique variability
B. A logarithmic curve due to tibial anatomy constraints
C. A random variation dependent on breed size
D. A linear relationship, regardless of tibial conformation
E. A fixed correction of 1° TPA per 5° wedge

Answer: A linear relationship, regardless of tibial conformation

Explanation: This allowed creation of reliable linear regression models across the techniques.
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, which of the following is true regarding the Oxley mCCWO technique?

A. It showed the greatest TLA shift among all techniques
B. It had the least tibial shortening across all wedge sizes
C. It achieved cranial cortical alignment without requiring caudal translation
D. It resulted in the highest predicted postoperative TPA
E. It required the largest wedge angles for correction

Answer: It achieved cranial cortical alignment without requiring caudal translation

Explanation: The Oxley mCCWO did not require caudal translation for cortical alignment, unlike others.
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, which technique demonstrated the **highest TLA shift** after cranial cortical alignment?

A. Christ et al.
B. Frederick and Cross
C. Oxley et al.
D. Slocum and Devine
E. TPLO

Answer: Frederick and Cross

Explanation: Frederick and Cross mCCWO showed significantly higher TLA shifts at high wedge angles.
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, what was the purpose of the generated corrective equations?

A. To choose the correct implant length
B. To match the contralateral tibial plateau angle
C. To estimate mTL after osteotomy
D. To select wedge angle achieving 5° TPA while accounting for TLA shift
E. To calculate postoperative joint space

Answer: To select wedge angle achieving 5° TPA while accounting for TLA shift

Explanation: Equations allowed precise planning by adjusting for TLA shift and preoperative TPA.

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