🔍 Key Findings

• Resident involvement significantly increased TPLO surgery duration compared to cases performed by faculty surgeons (FS)-only. Residents required 54% more surgery time (GLSM, 153 min) than FS-only cases (GLSM, 99 min), representing a 1.54-fold increase.
• The study did not report on short-term complication rates. No conclusions can be drawn from this source regarding complications between resident and faculty groups.
• Bone plate contouring was not evaluated. The source does not provide data regarding contouring frequency or its comparison between groups.
• Surgery duration significantly decreased after the first year of residency, but remained stable between second- and third-year residents. This was largely due to shorter tibial osteotomy durations, while arthroscopy times remained unchanged across residency years.
• Meniscal treatment was performed in 80% of cases, and it was associated with increased surgical duration, but the study did not compare the frequency of medial meniscal release between resident and faculty cases.
• The study did not evaluate osteotomy healing or revision surgery. Cases requiring immediate reoperation were excluded.
• Bone union outcomes were not assessed at 8 weeks or any other time point.
• The study concludes that resident participation significantly prolongs surgical time, but no data are provided regarding the effect on short-term clinical outcomes.