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Latifi et al: Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs: Part III – Hindlimb and pelvis
Veterinary Surgery 3, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • This anatomical study mapped fascial planes of the canine hindlimb and pelvis to aid superficial tumor resection.
  • Type I fascia (discrete sheets) was suitable for deep margins in fascia lata, lateral crus, and gluteal regions.
  • Areas with poor or absent fascia included the ischiorectal fossa, femoral triangle, stifle extensor mechanism, and pes.
  • Type IV fascia associated with periosteum (e.g., patella, tibial tuberosity) required partial ostectomy for inclusion in surgical margins.
  • Nerves at risk during deep dissection included obturator, superficial peroneal, and tibial nerves, particularly in regions with weak fascia.
  • In males, bulbospongiosus muscle could act as a fascial plane but dissection was challenging and potentially hemorrhagic.
  • In females, constrictor vulvae/vestibulae muscles were tightly associated with mucosa, limiting clean resection options.
  • Distal hindlimb resections often lacked a usable fascial plane, suggesting that amputation or adjuvant therapy may be more appropriate.

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← Articles

Latifi et al: Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs: Part III – Hindlimb and pelvis
Veterinary Surgery 3, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • This anatomical study mapped fascial planes of the canine hindlimb and pelvis to aid superficial tumor resection.
  • Type I fascia (discrete sheets) was suitable for deep margins in fascia lata, lateral crus, and gluteal regions.
  • Areas with poor or absent fascia included the ischiorectal fossa, femoral triangle, stifle extensor mechanism, and pes.
  • Type IV fascia associated with periosteum (e.g., patella, tibial tuberosity) required partial ostectomy for inclusion in surgical margins.
  • Nerves at risk during deep dissection included obturator, superficial peroneal, and tibial nerves, particularly in regions with weak fascia.
  • In males, bulbospongiosus muscle could act as a fascial plane but dissection was challenging and potentially hemorrhagic.
  • In females, constrictor vulvae/vestibulae muscles were tightly associated with mucosa, limiting clean resection options.
  • Distal hindlimb resections often lacked a usable fascial plane, suggesting that amputation or adjuvant therapy may be more appropriate.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Latifi 2024 et al., on fascial mapping in the canine hindlimb, what was the recommended surgical principle for distal limb resections where deep fascial margins are poor?

A. Extend lateral margins
B. Always perform full amputation
C. Use reverse flaps aggressively
D. If you can't go deep, don't go wide
E. Perform radical margin sacrifice

Answer: If you can't go deep, don't go wide

Explanation: This principle helps avoid unnecessary complexity and flap contamination when deep margins are not feasible.
In Latifi 2024 et al., on fascial mapping in the canine hindlimb, which fascial structure was most suitable as a consistent surgical deep margin in the lateral thigh?

A. Superficial gluteal fascia
B. Sartorius belly
C. Biceps femoris fascia
D. Fascia lata
E. Ischiorectal fossa fascia

Answer: Fascia lata

Explanation: The fascia lata was a robust type I sheet suitable for pseudocompartmental resection.
In Latifi 2024 et al., on fascial mapping in the canine hindlimb, which fascial type is associated with periosteum and may require ostectomy for inclusion in surgical margins?

A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
E. Type V

Answer: Type IV

Explanation: Type IV fascia is periosteum-associated and often required bone resection (e.g., tibial tuberosity).
In Latifi 2024 et al., on fascial mapping in the canine hindlimb, which major nerve was highlighted as at risk during dissection in the medial thigh region?

A. Femoral nerve
B. Obturator nerve
C. Saphenous nerve
D. Sciatic nerve
E. Tibial nerve

Answer: Obturator nerve

Explanation: The obturator nerve was located superficial to adductors and could be damaged in fascial dissection.
In Latifi 2024 et al., on fascial mapping in the canine hindlimb, which region consistently lacked a usable fascial plane for wide tumor excision?

A. Cranial sartorius
B. Medial thigh
C. Femoral triangle
D. Gluteal region
E. Tensor fascia lata

Answer: Femoral triangle

Explanation: The femoral triangle had thin fascia, precluding reliable use as a fascial plane.

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