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de Moya et al: Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
Veterinary Surgery 7, 2023

🔍 Key Findings

  • 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
  • 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
  • Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
  • 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
  • Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
  • Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
  • Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
  • Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.

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← Articles

de Moya et al: Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
Veterinary Surgery 7, 2023

🔍 Key Findings

  • 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
  • 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
  • Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
  • 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
  • Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
  • Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
  • Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
  • Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the median surgical time for FGPP procedures?

A. 30 minutes
B. 45 minutes
C. 60 minutes
D. 75 minutes
E. 90 minutes

Answer: 60 minutes

Explanation: Median surgery time was 60 minutes (range 45–75 min).
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the most common preoperative fracture displacement classification?

A. Mild in majority of cases
B. Moderate in majority of cases
C. Severe in majority of cases
D. All were non-displaced
E. Displacement not reported

Answer: Mild in majority of cases

Explanation: 10 of 13 fractures were mildly displaced preoperatively, making them good candidates for FGPP.
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, which factor was most associated with poor outcomes requiring salvage procedures?

A. Fracture location (neck vs. physis)
B. Body weight >20 kg
C. Use of >3 Kirschner wires
D. Chronicity with radiographic remodeling
E. Salter-Harris type II fractures

Answer: Chronicity with radiographic remodeling

Explanation: Dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with remodeling had higher risk of implant failure and malunion.
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the overall healing outcome?

A. 5/13 fractures healed successfully
B. 8/13 fractures healed successfully
C. 10/13 fractures healed successfully
D. 12/13 fractures healed successfully
E. All 13 fractures healed without complications

Answer: 10/13 fractures healed successfully

Explanation: Most fractures healed satisfactorily, though complications occurred in ~40% of cases.
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, which major complication was reported following FGPP?

A. Femoral head avascular necrosis
B. Intra-articular pin placement
C. Excessive blood loss
D. Proximal femoral varus deformity
E. Complete implant rejection

Answer: Intra-articular pin placement

Explanation: One dog developed an intra-articular pin, requiring revision and ultimately FHO.

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